{"id":180,"date":"2013-03-14T09:33:26","date_gmt":"2013-03-14T09:33:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eportal.chirurgie.upol.cz\/portal_final\/?page_id=180"},"modified":"2013-06-10T17:00:04","modified_gmt":"2013-06-10T17:00:04","slug":"2-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/eportal.chirurgie.upol.cz\/portal_final\/?page_id=180","title":{"rendered":"2 Pozn\u00e1mky k historii ezofagologie a j\u00edcnov\u00e9 chirurgie"},"content":{"rendered":"

Porucha polyk\u00e1n\u00ed jako hlavn\u00ed symptom v\u011bt\u0161iny j\u00edcnov\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed poutala v historii sou\u010dasn\u011b pozornost hlavn\u011b fyziolog\u016f a chirurg\u016f. O rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 star\u0161\u00ed odborn\u00e9 literatu\u0159e na toto t\u00e9ma lze z\u00edskat souhrnn\u00e9 informace v n\u011bkter\u00fdch star\u0161\u00edch chirurgick\u00fdch monografi\u00edch [1, 2, 3]. Prvn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed d\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1klad ezofagologii a j\u00edcnov\u00e9 chirurgii se uskute\u010dnila ji\u017e ve druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b 19. stolet\u00ed a na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed. Jako p\u0159\u00edklad lze uv\u00e9st pr\u00e1ce fyziolog\u016f [4, 5] a chirurg\u016f [6] zkoumaj\u00edc\u00ed funkci gastroezofage\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159echodu a j\u00edcnu. Znalost n\u011bkter\u00fdch patologick\u00fdch stav\u016f j\u00edcnu \u010dasto dlouho p\u0159edch\u00e1zela jejich klinick\u00e9mu popisu a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010db\u011b. Kr\u010dn\u00ed divertikl byl pops\u00e1n anatomem F. A. Zenkerem v roce 1887 a teprve v roce 1892 byl p\u0159i\u0159azen klinick\u00fd obraz a provedena \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1 operace chirurgem von E. Bergmanem [7, 8]. Vzhledem k rozvoji chirurgie a kolemopera\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de byly v\u00fdkony na j\u00edcnu a\u017e do poloviny minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed omezeny p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b na dilatace, endoskopie a extrakce ciz\u00edch t\u011bles [1, 9]. Prvn\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1 resekce j\u00edcnu byla sice provedena Thoreckem v New Yorku [10] ji\u017e v roce 1913, ale v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch letech byly tyto v\u00fdkony zcela v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 a teprve dal\u0161\u00ed rozvoj chirurgie a anesteziologie po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce umo\u017enil roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch resek\u010dn\u00edch v\u00fdkon\u016f na j\u00edcnu.<\/p>\n

Mezi pr\u016fkopn\u00edky n\u00e1hrady j\u00edcnu tlust\u00fdm st\u0159evem pat\u0159il prim. \u0160tefan Fra\u0161tack\u00fd z Nitry. Prvn\u00ed n\u00e1hradu provedl v roce 1956. Byl \u017e\u00e1kem prof. Kostliv\u00e9ho a z jeho kliniky v Bratislav\u011b p\u0159i\u0161el do Nitry, zdej\u0161\u00ed chirurgick\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed vedl od roku 1935 a\u017e do roku 1972 [11]. Sv\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti zve\u0159ejnil v monografii v roce 1962 [12], kde uv\u00e1d\u00ed zku\u0161enosti s 8 n\u00e1hradami j\u00edcnu tlust\u00fdm st\u0159evem anterotorak\u00e1ln\u011b \u010di retrostern\u00e1ln\u011b po polept\u00e1n\u00ed j\u00edcnu louhem a ve dvou p\u0159\u00edpadech u nemocn\u00fdch s karcinomem ezofagu. Dva nemocn\u00ed zem\u0159eli v poopera\u010dn\u00edm obdob\u00ed. Za pr\u016fkopn\u00edky t\u00e9to problematiky v \u010ceskoslovensku v knize ozna\u010dil K. \u010c\u00e1rsk\u00e9ho (Bratislava), J. Podlahu a Jane\u010dka (Brno) a V. Rapanta (Olomouc).<\/p>\n

O historick\u00fdch aspektech jednotliv\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed j\u00edcnu a jejich l\u00e9\u010den\u00ed je pojedn\u00e1no v p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch kapitol\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Literatura<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. Wullstein L, K\u00fcttner H, editors. Lehrbuch der Chirurgie. 8 Auflage. Jena: Verlag von Gustav Fischer; 1923.<\/li>\n
  2. Nissen R. Oesophagus. In: Hellner H, Nissen R, Vossschulte K, editors. Lehrbuch der Chirurgie. 3 Auflage. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag; 1962. p. 557\u2013579.<\/li>\n
  3. Elmslie RG. Perspektives in the development of oesophageal surgery. In: Jamieson GG, editor. Surgery of the Oesophagus. 1st ed. Edinburgh London Melbourne and New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1988. p. 3\u20138<\/li>\n
  4. Schiff M. Lecons sur la fysiologie de la digestion. Paris; 1867.<\/li>\n
  5. Falk F, Kronecker H. \u00dcber den Mechanismus der Schluckbewebung. Arch Anat Physiol. 1880; Abt 296.<\/li>\n
  6. Mikulicz von J. Beitr\u00e4ge zur Physiology der Speiser\u00f6hre und Cardia. Mitt Grenzgeb Med Chir. Jena. 1903;12:569.<\/li>\n
  7. Zenker FA, Ziemssen H. Oesophagus-Krankheiten. In. Handbuch der specialen Pathologie und Therapie. Leipzig: Vogel; 1887.7\/1.<\/li>\n
  8. von Bergmann E. \u00dcber den Oesophagusdivertikl und seine Behandlung. Arch klin Chir Berlin. 1892;43:1.<\/li>\n
  9. Pet\u0159ivalsk\u00fd J. Chirurgick\u00e1 propedeutika. 1. vyd\u00e1n\u00ed. Praha: Burs\u00edk & Kohout; 1922.<\/li>\n
  10. Torek F. The First Successful Case of Resection of the Thoracic Portion of the Oesophagus for Carcinoma. Surg Gyn Obstetr. 1913;16:614.<\/li>\n
  11. Kothaj P, editor. Momenty z d\u011bjin Slovenskej chirurgie. Prievidza: Patria I s.r.o.; 1999.<\/li>\n
  12. Fra\u0161tack\u00fd \u0160. Hrub\u00e9 \u010drevo ako transplant\u00e1t. Bratislava: Vydavatelstvo slovensk\u00e9j akad\u00e9mie ved; 1962.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Porucha polyk\u00e1n\u00ed jako hlavn\u00ed symptom v\u011bt\u0161iny j\u00edcnov\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed poutala v historii sou\u010dasn\u011b pozornost hlavn\u011b fyziolog\u016f a chirurg\u016f. O rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 star\u0161\u00ed odborn\u00e9 literatu\u0159e na toto t\u00e9ma lze z\u00edskat souhrnn\u00e9 informace v n\u011bkter\u00fdch star\u0161\u00edch chirurgick\u00fdch monografi\u00edch [1, 2, 3]. Prvn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed d\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1klad ezofagologii a j\u00edcnov\u00e9 chirurgii se uskute\u010dnila ji\u017e ve druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b 19. stolet\u00ed a na […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":65,"menu_order":20,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-180","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eportal.chirurgie.upol.cz\/portal_final\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/180","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eportal.chirurgie.upol.cz\/portal_final\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eportal.chirurgie.upol.cz\/portal_final\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eportal.chirurgie.upol.cz\/portal_final\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eportal.chirurgie.upol.cz\/portal_final\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=180"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/eportal.chirurgie.upol.cz\/portal_final\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/180\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3826,"href":"https:\/\/eportal.chirurgie.upol.cz\/portal_final\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/180\/revisions\/3826"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eportal.chirurgie.upol.cz\/portal_final\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/65"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eportal.chirurgie.upol.cz\/portal_final\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=180"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}